Light-distributer.



D. UROWNFIELD.

LIGHT DISTRIBUTER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. 1912.

65666: X/W/VZMAQ V WJ cMJAM/ 2 9 Q 06mg 206 a sap lamp source, herein 's K represents a shade cap top'of the shade A.

El) STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

DAVID GBOWNFIELD;

or CAMBRIDGE, massacnosn'r'rs.

LIGHT-DISTBIBUTER.

marinas.

To all whom it ma concern:

Be it known that 1, DAVID acitizen of the United States, and resident of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Light- Distributers, of whih the following is a specification. a

My invention relates to a lamp shade, and its object is to provide a new and improved shade to control the distribution of light from an artificial source of light supplied by electricity, gas, kerosene, acetylene or other artificial illuminant. With the use of this lamp shade it is possible to illuminate a room by reflecting a part of the light downward below the horizontal plane passing through the light source and allowing part of the light rays to pass to the ceiling of the room from which they are again reflected and diffused about the room, or by reflecting all the light rays from below the bottom of the shade except such asmay pass through the shade.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, F igure 1 is a central, vertical section illustrating the vhrious parts of my improved shade; and Fig. 2 is a detail hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a shade having two portions or divisions, an upper division and a lower division arranged at an angle with each other, the uper division (1 having such contour that it will reflect the light rays from the light hown as an electric lamp B,

CnowNFmLn,

upward from a part at least of its surface, while the lower division a has such contour that it will reflect the light rays from the B downward. At the top of the shade A a lip d is provided, and between the upper, division a and the lower division a is a groove or other suitable recess a to engage the arms of the shade holder presently to be described.

resting upon closing the aperture in' the The shade cap A may be provided on lts'upper side with aknob by which said cap is handled, and a rooved rim (1 is provided about the perip ery of the shade cap -A- which fits over the top edge of the lip a of the shade A. The underside of the shade cap A is made with a reflecting surface, while the material of and removably Specification of Letters Patent.

' cess a of the shade A Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Application filed September 13, 1912. Serial No. 720,108.

the cap A is preferably partially opaque, but translucent. If a gas or oil lamp is used instead of an electric lamp B, the shade cap A may be removed or may be provided with a central aperture to allow the escape of the heat and products of combustion.

' A represents an inverted reflector shade surrounding the lower part of the lamp or light source B, adapted to reflect light upward. The upper shade or reflector A is preferably made of partially opaque, but translucent material, and the lower reflector A? is preferably made of partially opaque or wholly opaque material. In the position shown in the drawings in which the two reflectors are in separated position, light from the the light source will be reflected from lower reflector against the inclined side walls of the upper reflector, and thence by said inclined side walls downward and concentrated in a limited zone below the lamp. When the lower reflector is adjusted upward, as hereinafter described, to bring the reflectors to their close position, the maximumamount of light light source and from upward through the top of the upper reflector to the ceiling, lighting the room by the indirect method, while the lower reflector, being at least partially opaque, will substantially screen the side walls of the upper reflector from the light source thus practically eliminating the downwardly directed concentrated light zone. By removing the cap A a stronger upward stream of light to the ceiling is permitted.

The lamp B is supported by a lamp socket B mounted on a nipple B which, in turn, is fastened to a nozzle B". The nozzle 4 is adapted to be mounted on any well known form of electric light outlet fitting. The shade holder for shade A comprises three arms or prongs C which rise from the nozzle B. Said arms C are preferably made of resilient wire and the upper ends spring into and engage the groove'or re- Said arms C are braced by a ring C encircling the lower part of the arms. I

The shade holder for the shade A comprises a sleeve or shell D having a shouldered rim d at its upper end, in which the lower edge of the shade A rests; The sleeve or shell D encircles a socket cup D, the lower end of which is made with a central will pass from the the lower reflector aperture to fit over the nozzle B i The socket cup D is clamped between the nozzle B and the nipple B as shown. The cup D is provided with a helical groove 01, as best shown in Fig. 2, winding upwardly on the outer surface of the cup D. The outer shell or sleeve D has a knob or projection d which engagessaid helical groove d of the inner shell or cup. By turning the sleeve D upon the cup D, the sleeve D will be raised or lowered, and with it the shade A will be raised or lowered, as the knob d travels lamp B is ,in fixed relation to the shades- A and A, while the shade A may be adjusted vertically with relation to the lamp and the other shades, for the purpose here inafter set forth. j

With the various parts in the positions and relations shown in the drawings, substantially no direct rays oflight will pass from the lamp B positions shown in the into the rays from lamp B the lower division a of shade A and thence 'be reflected downward into the room from below the shade; in part on the upper portion a of the shade A from which they will be reflected to other parts of the shade, and thence downward below the shade A ain part upon the shade cap A and thence be reflected downward from beneath the shade; in part upon the shade A flected upward against the upper shades and thence downward again below the upper shades .into the room. With the arrangementshown, all light rays except such as escape through the shades or are lost therein by, absorption, will ultimately be reflected downward beneath the shades into the room;

Assuming now that the shades are in the drawings, except that the top shade cap A is removecha large part of light rays will be reflected downward from below the shades as already dey scribed, while at the same time a substantial amount of--light thus room. The light will fall in part uponthe light source upwardly,

thence be repart of the rays will pass upward through the central'opening in the top of shade A,

part directlyfrom the light source, part reected upward from the shade A and part reflected upward from the upper portion a of shade A All of such rays passing through the aperture in the top of shade 'A will fall upon the ceiling of the room and thence be reflected and difiused around the apartment. Such arrangement provides a good downward reflection of light from be neath the shades and a moderate reflection and diifusion of light from the ceiling of the room.

Assuming now'that the shade A be adjusted vertically by turning the sleeve D upon the socket cup D as described, and the shade A be raised about the lamp B, bringing the upper edge of the shade A closer to the top of shade A', the efl'ect will be to concentrate the rays of light reflected from shade A more strongly through the aperture in the top of the shade A and therefore more strongly on the ceiling, thereby providing a stronger diffusion of light around the room. By varying the height at which the shade A? is thus adjusted, the reflected and difi'used from the ceiling can be varied as desired.

I claim:

In combination, a light source, translucent shade comprising an vision and a lower division, the upper division being adapted to reflect rays from and the lower division being adapted to reflect rays from the light source downwardly in a limited zone below the lamp, and a lower shade vertically adjustable with relation to the light source and the upper shade, adapted in its lowermost position to permit direct rays from the light source to pass to the lower division of the upper shade, and in its uppermost position to screen said lower division from direct rays of the light source.

an upper upper di- Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts,

Witnesses:

Rosana CUSHMAN, CHARLES D. Woonnnmzr, 

